Control of forest pathogens present in forest crops in the current climatic context
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59463/xrxsm965Abstract
The creation of artificial stands that are structurally stable and resistant to biotic agents involves the production of seedlings in an intensive regime (grow tent), where their development conditions are optimized, while creating premises for the production of infections with various pathogens. Thus, continuous monitoring of the crops is required in order to have healthy and vigorous seedlings.
In order to control soil pathogens, a spruce crop was installed in the grow tent located at the Lechința Experimental Base (Bistrița-Năsăud County), in which both synthetic and biological fungicides were tested.
If, in the past, crop monitoring was done through field observations, nowadays, technological progress allows the rapid detection of disruptive biotic or abiotic factors by using digitalization, placing a surveillance camera with infrared vision (IR) connected to a wireless router for remote monitoring in real time of the crop installed within the grow tent.
Data logger sensors were also placed to determine soil temperature (at -6 cm), at soil level (0 cm), at 12 cm and at 1.3 m height, respectively soil moisture and at 1.3 m height.
Of the products tested, the synthetic fungicide based on fluopicolide 62.5 g/l + propamocarb hydrochloride 625 g/l and the biological one based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB2 offered the most effective protection against the "seedling damping off" disease caused by Fusarium spp and Pythium spp.
From the observations made during 2024, it results that an average temperature between 15oC and 25oC in the air, associated with the range of 16 oC and 20oC in the soil and a relative humidity in the air above 75% respectively 30-35% in the soil, maintained between 4 and 6 consecutive days, led to the occurrence of the "seedling damping off " disease in spruce, which allows us to state that the onset of infections occurs within these climatic ranges.
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