Screening for drought tolerance of common bean using several selection indices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59463/3wffc623Keywords:
drought stress, Phaseolus vulgaris, plant yield, selection criterion.Abstract
Drought is one of the main factors that limit the production level, causing harvest losses of over 50%, depending on the duration and intensity of the water deficit. Production losses due to drought can be increased by interaction with other stress factors such as high temperatures. Many selection indices based on seed yield were developed and used for the evaluations of common bean germplasm for drought tolerance. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the yield response to drought stress for six Romanian varieties of common bean using 14 tolerance indices, to establish the efficiency of these selection criteria and the varieties with good drought tolerance. The biological material for this study was composed by six Romanian varieties of common bean studied in Timisoara during 2022-2024, under different levels of drought stress. Based on the obtained results, the following indices: yield index, drought resistance index, stress susceptibility percentage index, stress tolerance index, geometric mean productivity, mean productivity, shows very strong positive correlations with both yield under stress and non-stress conditions, indicating that they can be used with high efficiency for the selection of genotypes with superior yields under different water stress conditions. ‘Star’ and ‘Avans’ varieties showed a moderate tolerance to drought, achieving reasonable levels of plant yield under conditions with and without water stress.
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