The influence of technological sequences in conventional and organic viticulture on some parameters
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59463/scc2sg42Keywords:
grape varieties, organic farming, soil management, sugar, woodAbstract
The research was conducted between 2022 and 2024 in a vineyard located within the Recaș Viticultural Center, in the Petrovaselo viticultural area. The planting distances were 2.2 m between rows and 1 m between vines within a row, resulting in a planting density of 4,545 vines per hectare. Four grape cultivars were studied: two high-quality white wine cultivars, ‘Italian Riesling’ and ‘Chardonnay’, and two high-quality red wine cultivars, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Fetească Neagră’. The experimental treatments were based on key viticultural practices that significantly impact physiological and technological indicators, which are applied differently in conventional and organic viticulture, including soil management, fertilization, pest and disease control. In organic viticulture, soil management practices impose certain restrictions on the use of specific substances, such as fertilizers and pesticides, as well as limitations on fuel consumption. Therefore, these practices must be carefully defined and adapted to the soil type and environmental conditions of the viticultural area. In wet years, soil management operations, such as tillage and irrigation, become more challenging compared to drier years. Regarding organic fertilization, which restricts the use of chemical fertilizers, all organic fertilization methods studied—except for green manure—were found to be viable alternatives. Pest and disease control is the viticultural practice with the greatest differences in approach between conventional and organic viticulture. It is also the most constrained and difficult to manage due to restrictions on chemical treatments and the reliance on alternative pest management strategies in organic farming.
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