Uncovering the role of Momordica charantia in diabetes: therapeutic and biotechnological perspectives
Abstract
The problem of diabetes mellitus in public health is a worrying one considering the data and forecasts made by the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation which triggers an alarm signal on nutrition and sedentarism. Even though there are various drugs and treatments available that can treat diabetes, they have side effects so alternative treatments are sought based on the effect of active compounds found in medicinal plants. Momordica charantia L. which is rich in secondary metabolites such as polypeptide-p, triterpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, volatile oils, gallic acid and chlorogenic acid. The In Vitro culture technique makes it possible to quickly produce valuable plant genotypes, including medicinal ones, with a significant advantage of rapid production and preservation of valuable genotypes. Also, the properties of active compounds produced by Momordica charantia L. make it beneficial in other diseases such as cancer, respiratory diseases, skin infections, joint diseases, neuronal diseases and viral infections. The pharmaceutical industry offers a wide range of products based on Momordica charantia L. extract such as: pills, tablets, syrups, teas, dried fruits, oils, injections, creams, tinctures, foods in the form of bars and drinks in the form of juices.This review aims to summarize recent research in the field of biotechnology, highlighting its intersection with medicine. It explores how biotechnological advancements can provide a quick and efficient means to produce the necessary active compounds for managing type 2 diabetes effectively.
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